Why is Nitrofurantoin considered a safe option for pregnant women?

Nitrofurantoin is classified as a Category B medication, which indicates that clinical trials in pregnant women have not demonstrated any risk to the fetus during the first trimester, and there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters either. This classification is crucial in guiding healthcare providers when prescribing medications to pregnant women, as it suggests that the benefits of using nitrofurantoin for treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) outweigh any potential risks. It is used effectively for UTI management, particularly in uncomplicated cases, which is very common among pregnant patients.

The other options, such as a broader range of infections or reduction of drug resistance, do not specifically contribute to the rationale for its safety in pregnancy. Additionally, Category A medications, which are considered the safest, do not include nitrofurantoin.