What is the primary goal of administering RH immune globulin (RhoGAM®) to an unsensitized Rh negative woman at 28 weeks?

Administering RH immune globulin (RhoGAM®) to an unsensitized Rh negative woman at 28 weeks is primarily aimed at preventing the development of Rh sensitivity. This is crucial because if an Rh negative mother is exposed to Rh positive blood (which can occur during pregnancy, childbirth, or certain medical procedures), her immune system may produce antibodies against the Rh positive blood cells. If this occurs, it can lead to sensitization, meaning that in any subsequent pregnancies with an Rh positive baby, the mother’s immune system could attack the fetal red blood cells, causing hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN).

By administering RhoGAM®, the mother is given passive immunity that prevents her immune system from recognizing the Rh positive cells and forming antibodies. This proactive measure is vital in protecting both the mother and her future children from potential Rh incompatibility issues. The timing at 28 weeks is strategic, as it allows for intervention during a critical period of fetal development while also ensuring that the immune response has not yet been initiated.

The other options, while related to prenatal care and Rh incompatibility, do not accurately address the specific mechanism and intended effect of RhoGAM®. For instance, the prevention of early spontaneous abortion