What is the immediate next step for a patient with phenylketonuria during pregnancy?

For a patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) during pregnancy, the immediate next step is to refer her for nutritional counseling. This is critical because individuals with PKU have an inability to metabolize phenylalanine, an amino acid that can be harmful to the developing fetus if levels become elevated.

Nutritional counseling is vital in managing PKU during pregnancy to ensure that the mother's diet is strictly regulated and low in phenylalanine. Counselors typically provide guidance on the appropriate dietary restrictions and the importance of adhering to a phenylalanine-restricted diet to avoid potential teratogenic effects on the fetus, such as developmental delays or birth defects.

By addressing the nutritional needs and establishing a safe dietary plan early in the pregnancy, the risk of complications can be significantly reduced. This approach is essential in the management of PKU and supports the health of both the mother and her baby during this sensitive time.