What are the two most common clinical manifestations of endometriosis?

The two most common clinical manifestations of endometriosis are indeed infertility and dysmenorrhea.

Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, is one of the hallmark symptoms for those affected by endometriosis due to the implantation of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus, which can lead to inflammation and pain during menstruation. This type of pain may also occur at other times throughout the menstrual cycle, making it a prevalent and critical symptom that many women experience.

Infertility is another significant manifestation associated with endometriosis, as the disease can lead to complications that affect fertility. The presence of endometrial-like tissue can cause scar tissue and adhesions, which may disrupt the normal anatomy of the reproductive organs. This can impact ovulation and the transport of eggs and sperm, ultimately contributing to difficulties in conceiving.

In contrast, while other options mention symptoms like amenorrhea (absence of menstruation), painful intercourse (dyspareunia), and menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding), these are not included among the primary common clinical manifestations associated with endometriosis. Amenorrhea is less frequently reported in endometriosis cases, and menorrhagia is more commonly associated with other gynecological conditions. These