In which condition is 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection specifically indicated?

The use of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate injection is specifically indicated for women with a history of a prior singleton delivery before 37 weeks. This medication is primarily indicated for the prevention of recurrent preterm birth in women who have had a previous singleton preterm birth. The administration of this injectable medication aims to reduce the risk of subsequent premature deliveries by improving uterine quiescence and enhancing cervical competence through its progestational effects.

In clinical practice, it's important to note that this treatment isn't typically initiated during active preterm labor or in cases of preterm premature rupture of membranes, as these conditions require different management strategies. Additionally, the injection is not indicated in women experiencing normal pregnancies, as there is no history or indication that would necessitate intervention to prevent preterm labor. This specificity in its use helps ensure that the treatment is both effective and appropriate for the populations at risk.